Evidence check: Progesteron in the context of sleep

Progesterone is frequently discussed in the context of sleep, especially for perimenopausal women. Its metabolite allopregnanolone acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, promoting sleep onset. Randomized controlled trials indicate that oral progesterone can reduce sleep latency and improve subjective sleep quality. However, effects are modest and depend on baseline hormone levels. Evidence is weaker for men or women with normal progesterone. Side effects like dizziness or mood changes may occur. Overall evidence is human-moderate: there are well-designed studies, but not enough to support broad recommendations. Direct-to-consumer progesterone tests are not diagnostic and should not guide self-treatment. Clinical assessment with blood testing is necessary before any hormone therapy.