was kostet ein humangenetik-test? — can a microbiome test help?

The cost of a human genetics test is not provided in the given context. Prices vary widely depending on scope (single gene vs. exome/genome), provider, and country, typically ranging from €100 to over €1000. A microbiome test can help in specific scenarios, such as detecting *Helicobacter pylori* (stool antigen test, human-strong evidence) or other pathogens like *Giardia* or *Campylobacter* via multiplex PCR. However, evidence for general 'gut health' microbiome tests is often weak: many markers (e.g., food-specific IgG) lack evidence and may lead to unnecessary dietary restrictions. The FUT2 variant rs601338 (secretor status) influences B12 absorption and microbiome composition, but testing it alone has no clinical utility without accompanying lab values. Conclusion: microbiome tests can be useful for targeted pathogen detection but do not replace clinical evaluation. For broad health claims, the evidence is mixed to unclear. Safety note: positive findings (e.g., H. pylori) should always be confirmed clinically.