How are ADH1B and Müdigkeit related?

ADH1B encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme. Certain variants (e.g., rs1229984) accelerate ethanol metabolism, leading to rapid acetaldehyde accumulation, which can cause fatigue, nausea, and headache after drinking – classic hangover effects. Thus, the link between ADH1B and fatigue is indirect and alcohol-dependent. Without alcohol consumption, there is no robust evidence for a direct effect on general fatigue. Evidence comes from population genetic studies showing moderate effects on alcohol tolerance and consumption patterns. It is not clinically validated for diagnosing or treating fatigue. A DNA test for ADH1B may indicate personal alcohol sensitivity, but fatigue is multifactorial; lifestyle, sleep, stress, and other genetic factors play larger roles. The evidence level is mechanistic/unclear.