The female microbiome encompasses both the gut and vaginal microbiomes, each influenced by hormones, diet, lifestyle, and medications. A healthy vaginal microbiome is typically dominated by Lactobacillus species, which produce lactic acid to protect against infections. Disruption (dysbiosis) is linked to bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and preterm birth. The gut microbiome affects estrogen metabolism (estrobolome), thereby influencing menstrual cycle, menopause, and breast cancer risk. Probiotics, fiber, and fermented foods may support balance, but evidence for specific strains remains limited. Crucially, a microbiome test alone cannot diagnose conditions; interpretation is complex and highly individual. Always consult a healthcare professional for symptoms. While research is advancing, many commercial claims overstate clinical utility. Be cautious of self-diagnosis and unvalidated supplements.
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