Myths vs facts: Zöliakie Test and allergy

The question of myths vs. facts about celiac testing and allergies is crucial because confusion is common. A celiac test (typically IgA antibodies against tTG) is not an allergy test; it detects an autoimmune reaction to gluten. Allergies (e.g., wheat allergy) are diagnosed via IgE antibodies or skin prick tests. A common myth: a negative celiac test rules out gluten intolerance. In reality, non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) exists but has no validated biomarker. Another myth: celiac disease only affects the gut. It can involve skin (dermatitis herpetiformis), joints, or the nervous system. Facts: Diagnosis requires a duodenal biopsy, not just a blood test. Gluten must be consumed before testing, otherwise results are false negative. Evidence for celiac testing is strong (human-strong), while for NCGS it is weak. Consumers should not rely solely on genetic tests (HLA-DQ2/DQ8), as these only indicate predisposition. If celiac is suspected, a physician consultation is essential.