TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is a blood biomarker, not a direct genetic trait. While certain genetic variants (e.g., in PDE8B, CAPZB, FOXE1) have been associated with TSH levels in GWAS, their effect sizes are small and explain only a fraction of inter-individual variation. For women, TSH reference ranges differ by age, pregnancy status, and menstrual cycle phase. Consumer DNA tests may report polygenic risk scores for thyroid function, but these are not validated for clinical use. The best approach remains a blood TSH test combined with fT3, fT4, and thyroid antibodies. Evidence level: moderate (GWAS). Caveat: no single gene determines TSH; lifestyle and environment dominate. MyBody-X advises against relying on DNA alone for thyroid assessment.
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