How are AMH and fertility related?

AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) is produced by granulosa cells of small ovarian follicles and is a well-established marker of ovarian reserve – the number of remaining eggs. Low AMH indicates diminished reserve, which reduces the likelihood of a good response to ovarian stimulation in IVF. However, AMH does not directly predict natural fertility: women with low AMH can still conceive spontaneously because egg quality is not measured. High AMH may suggest polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The evidence is human-strong for the link to ovarian reserve but moderate for predicting natural fertility. Importantly, AMH is not a fertility test per se; it is a tool to estimate ovarian aging. Clinical decisions should incorporate age, FSH, and antral follicle count. Caveat: Do not self-interpret; consult a reproductive specialist.