What role does HLA-DQ2 play in Fruchtbarkeit?

HLA-DQ2 is a genetic variant strongly associated with celiac disease. Its role in fertility is indirect: untreated celiac disease can impair fertility through nutrient malabsorption (iron, folate, vitamin D) and chronic inflammation, and may increase miscarriage risk. However, simply carrying HLA-DQ2 does not mean fertility is affected. Many people with HLA-DQ2 never develop celiac disease, and even those with celiac often have normal fertility on a gluten-free diet. The evidence is observational and mechanistic, not from large-scale fertility-specific trials. A DNA test for HLA-DQ2 alone is not a fertility test. If fertility issues exist, screening for celiac disease (antibodies and biopsy) is warranted, but the genetic marker alone lacks clinical utility. Evidence level: mechanistic/unclear.