TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is the primary lab marker for assessing thyroid function. Elevated TSH indicates hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), while low TSH suggests hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Both conditions can cause fatigue – hypothyroidism slows metabolism, hyperthyroidism overstimulates the body. However, fatigue is a non-specific symptom; many other causes (sleep deprivation, stress, iron deficiency, depression) are common. A TSH test alone is insufficient to diagnose the cause of fatigue; it should be interpreted alongside free T3, free T4, and possibly thyroid antibodies. TSH levels can also fluctuate due to non-thyroidal illness or medication. For persistent fatigue, a medical workup is recommended before self-supplementing with thyroid hormones or other products. The evidence linking TSH to fatigue is strong (human clinical), but individual interpretation requires a physician. Consumer thyroid tests can provide a snapshot but may miss nuances like subclinical dysfunction or assay variability.
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