welche mikronährstoffe sollte man testen lassen — what symptoms are typical?

The question of which micronutrients to test and what symptoms are typical can only be partially answered from the provided context. The only concrete evidence (PMID:15018392) describes a standard panel of vitamin B12, folate, methylmalonic acid (MMA), and homocysteine for evaluating macrocytic anemia and neurological symptoms. Typical B12 deficiency symptoms include fatigue, weakness, tingling in hands/feet, gait instability, and cognitive impairment. Folate deficiency presents similarly but without neurological damage. MMA and homocysteine are more sensitive markers for clarifying borderline results. No evidence is provided for other micronutrients (e.g., vitamin D, iron, magnesium, zinc). The DNA-related entries (FADS, APOA2, MTHFR) are either unclear or classified as marketing – they cannot diagnose deficiencies. Blood testing remains the gold standard. The evidence for the B12/folate panel is human-moderate; for general micronutrient testing it is unclear. Safety note: Without clinical indication, broad screening is not recommended as false positives may lead to unnecessary supplementation.