Cortisol and sleep are tightly linked via the circadian rhythm. Normally, cortisol peaks in the morning to promote wakefulness and declines in the evening to allow sleep. Chronic stress, shift work, or sleep disorders can disrupt this rhythm – elevated cortisol at night makes it hard to fall asleep and reduces deep sleep. Conversely, sleep deprivation raises cortisol the next day, creating a vicious cycle. Key watchpoints: maintain consistent sleep/wake times, reduce screen exposure before bed, practice stress reduction (e.g., meditation, exercise), and avoid caffeine late in the day. Salivary cortisol tests (e.g., diurnal profile) can offer insights but are not diagnostic and require medical interpretation. Supplements like ashwagandha or magnesium are often marketed for cortisol/sleep, but evidence is mixed – for serious sleep issues, rule out underlying conditions (e.g., sleep apnea, depression). Caveat: consumer tests often overclaim the predictive power of single biomarkers.
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