Progesterone is a sex hormone primarily involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. In the context of sports, direct evidence is limited. Some research suggests progesterone may influence respiratory drive and thermoregulation, which could affect endurance performance. It may also modulate insulin sensitivity and fat metabolism. However, effects are highly individual and depend on cycle phase, use of hormonal contraceptives, or hormone replacement therapy. Importantly, progesterone is not a performance-enhancing substance; supplementation without medical indication is not recommended and may cause side effects like fatigue, mood changes, or increased thrombosis risk. For female athletes with a natural cycle, awareness of cycle phases can help tailor training loads, but this remains an area of observation rather than robust evidence. Always consult a physician or endocrinologist before any hormonal intervention.
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