When aiming to lower cortisol and improve sleep, watch for several key factors. Genetic variants in COMT (stress neurotransmitter breakdown) or NRF2 (antioxidant defense) have small effects – no supplement is proven to 'fix' them. Your circadian clock (CLOCK/PER genes) influences chronotype, but light exposure and lifestyle matter more. Beware of too-low cortisol (adrenal fatigue) as well as high cortisol. Best practice: measure cortisol via saliva (diurnal profile) and prioritize sleep hygiene – consistent bedtime, blue-light reduction, no caffeine after 2 PM. Supplements like magnesium, ashwagandha, or L‑theanine may help, but evidence is moderate. Check thyroid function (TRH, TSH) because thyroid issues can disrupt cortisol metabolism. Caveat: consumer DNA tests cannot diagnose – see a doctor for persistent sleep or stress issues.
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