What role does Selen play in menopause?

Selenium is an essential trace element that acts as a cofactor for selenoproteins (e.g., glutathione peroxidases) with antioxidant and thyroid-regulating functions. During menopause, declining estrogen increases oxidative stress, and selenium may help counteract this. Some observational studies suggest that low selenium status is associated with more severe hot flashes and mood disturbances. However, large randomized controlled trials specifically testing selenium supplementation for menopausal symptoms are lacking, so the evidence is moderate at best. High-dose selenium can be toxic (selenosis), so supplementation should not exceed 200 µg/day and ideally be guided by blood levels. Dietary sources (Brazil nuts, fish, eggs) usually suffice. DNA tests for selenium-related genes (e.g., SEPP1, GPX1) currently have no proven clinical utility for menopause management.