How are Ferritin and longevity related?

Ferritin is a key iron-storage protein and a common biomarker for iron status. Iron is essential for oxygen transport and cellular energy production, but excess iron can generate oxidative stress, damaging DNA, proteins, and lipids – a process linked to accelerated aging. Epidemiological studies suggest a U-shaped relationship: both low and high ferritin levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality. High ferritin, often due to hereditary hemochromatosis or chronic inflammation, is linked to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, all of which can shorten lifespan. Conversely, iron deficiency anemia impairs physical performance and cognitive function. Thus, maintaining ferritin in an optimal range (typically 30–150 ng/mL for most adults) may support longevity. However, ferritin is also an acute-phase reactant; elevated levels can reflect inflammation rather than iron overload. The evidence for a direct causal link between ferritin and longevity is moderate, based largely on observational and mechanistic studies. Consumer health tests measuring ferritin provide a useful snapshot but require clinical context (e.g., transferrin saturation, CRP) for proper interpretation. Self-treatment with iron supplements or phlebotomy without medical supervision is not advised.