What role does Östradiol play in Langlebigkeit?

Estradiol (E2) is the primary estrogen and influences longevity through multiple mechanisms. It has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and protective effects on cardiovascular health, bone density, and cognitive function. After menopause, estradiol levels drop sharply, which is associated with increased risk of age-related diseases. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) shows positive effects on life expectancy in observational studies, but strong randomized controlled trials are lacking. There is also evidence that estradiol may affect telomere length, but the data is mixed. Individual factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and HRT risks (e.g., breast cancer) must be considered. The predictive value of DNA tests for estradiol-related genes (e.g., ESR1, CYP19A1) is low due to small effect sizes. Conclusion: Estradiol plays a potentially beneficial role in longevity, but the evidence is moderate and context-dependent.