What does a low HDL result mean?

A low HDL (high-density lipoprotein) result is traditionally considered a cardiovascular risk factor. HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from arteries to the liver ('good' cholesterol). Low levels (<40 mg/dL in men, <50 mg/dL in women) may indicate increased risk for atherosclerosis and heart attack. However, recent evidence suggests HDL function (e.g., anti-inflammatory capacity) may matter more than concentration alone. MyBody-X measures HDL via home blood test and integrates results with DNA and microbiome data for personalized lifestyle advice. Evidence for lifestyle modulation (exercise, Mediterranean diet, weight loss) is strong (human-RCT). But a single lab value is not a diagnosis. Genetic variants (e.g., in CETP) can lower HDL without raising risk. Always confirm abnormal values with a clinician. Caveat: drug-induced HDL raising (e.g., niacin) has not shown clear benefit in trials. Focus on the full lipid profile (LDL, triglycerides, hsCRP) and lifestyle changes.