What should I know about APOE Test?

The APOE test analyzes ε2, ε3, and ε4 variants linked to Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease risk. The ε4 allele significantly increases Alzheimer's risk but is not deterministic—many carriers never develop the disease. It also influences lipid metabolism, e.g., response to dietary fat. However, clinical utility is limited: a positive result may cause anxiety without proven preventive measures. For heart health, traditional lipid panels and lifestyle factors are more actionable. Testing should only follow genetic counseling due to potential psychological impact. Evidence: strong for Alzheimer's association, moderate for cardiovascular risk. Sources: PMID 23362314, PMID 25716912.