What role does HbA1c play in Fruchtbarkeit?

HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) is a long-term blood glucose marker reflecting average levels over 2–3 months. Regarding fertility, HbA1c plays a significant role because elevated levels indicate impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, both associated with reduced fertility. In women, high HbA1c can lead to ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial abnormalities, and increased miscarriage risk. In men, hyperglycemia is linked to poorer sperm quality (motility, DNA integrity). Evidence comes from observational studies and clinical data, but not from the provided context. Optimizing HbA1c through diet, exercise, and possibly medication can improve fertility outcomes, especially in women with PCOS or diabetes. However, HbA1c is only a risk marker – direct causal effects are difficult to isolate. Testing is useful in preconception counseling but should not be interpreted in isolation. Caveat: A normal HbA1c does not rule out fertility issues.