Evidence check: Helicobacter in the context of fertility

The link between Helicobacter pylori and fertility is not firmly established. Observational studies suggest that H. pylori infection may impair male fertility – for example, by reducing sperm motility or concentration – possibly through chronic inflammation or autoimmune cross-reactivity. In women, associations with endometriosis or recurrent pregnancy loss have been proposed, but effect sizes are small and findings inconsistent. Meta-analyses show mixed results, with some reporting significant associations and others not. Importantly, no causal mechanism has been proven, and clinical relevance remains uncertain. Routine H. pylori testing is not part of standard fertility workups. The evidence is based mainly on moderate-quality epidemiological studies; randomized controlled trials are lacking. Confounders such as lifestyle, co-infections, or gut microbiome composition may influence outcomes. For individuals, a positive H. pylori result alone does not explain fertility issues. A comprehensive reproductive medicine evaluation is essential. MyBody-X does not offer an H. pylori test; this answer is a general evidence check.