Zöliakie Glutenunverträglichkeit-Test: can a DNA test help?

A DNA test can assess genetic risk for celiac disease, but it cannot diagnose the condition. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten. Over 95 % of affected individuals carry HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 variants. A negative test effectively rules out celiac disease (negative predictive value >99 %). A positive result indicates increased susceptibility, but most carriers never develop the disease. Definitive diagnosis requires serology (tTG-IgA) and duodenal biopsy. For non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), no validated genetic marker exists; diagnosis is based on exclusion. Evidence for genetic testing in celiac disease is strong (human-strong), while for NCGS it is unclear. Important: Do not start a gluten-free diet based solely on a DNA result, as this can interfere with diagnostic testing. Consult a gastroenterologist for proper evaluation.