warum nimmt man in den wechseljahren zu — what are common causes?

Weight gain during menopause is multifactorial. Key causes include hormonal shifts (especially declining estrogen), which promote abdominal fat redistribution, and an age-related decline in basal metabolic rate. Reduced physical activity, sleep disturbances, and stress (raising cortisol) also contribute. Changes in insulin sensitivity and muscle mass further influence weight. Importantly, weight gain is not inevitable; dietary adjustments (adequate protein, fiber), resistance training, and stress management can help. Evidence is strong from observational studies and known physiology, but direct causal RCTs are limited. Consumer DNA or microbiome tests are not validated for predicting or managing menopausal weight gain. If weight changes are sudden or severe, consult a healthcare provider.