welche stoffwechseltypen gibt es — can a DNA test help?

The concept of discrete metabolic types (e.g., carb-sensitive, fat-burning) originates from popular diet books, not from evidence-based science. No validated, reproducible classification based on genes or biomarkers exists. DNA tests like MyBody-X analyze individual SNPs (e.g., FTO, PPARG, TCF7L2) that may slightly influence energy expenditure or macronutrient utilization. However, effect sizes are small (e.g., 0.3–0.4 kg/m² BMI per FTO risk allele) and are significantly modulated by exercise and diet. Large randomized trials have not shown that genotype-based diet assignment outperforms standard dietary advice. The evidence for using metabolic typing tests in clinical practice is weak to conflicting. A DNA test can serve as a curiosity tool but does not replace medical or nutritional counseling. Its predictive power is limited, and marketing claims often exaggerate actual relevance.