What role does Cortisol play in Fruchtbarkeit?

Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, can influence fertility through multiple pathways. Chronically elevated cortisol – due to prolonged stress, poor sleep, or certain medical conditions – suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This reduces GnRH, LH, and FSH secretion, disrupting ovulation and impairing sperm quality. In women, high cortisol is linked to menstrual irregularities and increased miscarriage risk. In men, it can lower testosterone and reduce sperm motility. However, the evidence is nuanced: acute stress differs from chronic, and individual sensitivity varies. DNA tests for cortisol-related genes (e.g., NR3C1, FKBP5) currently lack clinical utility for fertility advice. Salivary or serum cortisol day profiles are more informative. Mechanistically, the link is well-established, but not everyone with elevated cortisol experiences fertility issues. Lifestyle interventions – stress management, adequate sleep, exercise – can lower cortisol and support fertility. Caveat: No direct study data from the provided context.