What role does Triglyceride play in Sport?

Triglycerides are the main form of fat storage in the body and serve as a key energy source during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise, such as endurance sports. During physical activity, they are mobilized from adipose tissue, broken down into free fatty acids, and oxidized in muscles for energy. Lower fasting triglyceride levels are associated with better metabolic health, while elevated levels indicate increased cardiovascular risk. Individual fat oxidation capacity is influenced by training status, diet, and genetics. DNA tests targeting triglyceride-related SNPs (e.g., in PPARGC1A or APOE) typically have small effect sizes and are not clinically actionable. The most effective approach to optimize triglyceride metabolism in sport remains regular endurance training combined with a balanced diet low in refined sugars and unhealthy fats. Genetic test results should not be overinterpreted.