Risks and limits of Gluten Genetik

Genetic tests for gluten intolerance (e.g., HLA-DQ2/DQ8) have clear limits: they cannot confirm or exclude celiac disease, only indicate risk. A negative HLA-DQ2/DQ8 makes celiac very unlikely, but a positive result does not mean disease – many healthy individuals carry these variants. The tests say nothing about non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), which lacks validated biomarkers. Risks: false reassurance (if negative, NCGS still possible) or unnecessary dietary restrictions (if positive, without medical confirmation). Evidence is based on clinical practice, not RCTs for home tests. Recommendation: always seek medical diagnosis (antibodies, biopsy) before starting a gluten-free diet. These tests are screening aids, not diagnostic tools.