What role does FADS1 play in Wechseljahre?

FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It converts alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) into EPA and DHA and regulates the formation of arachidonic acid from linoleic acid. During menopause, declining estrogen levels alter fatty acid utilization and inflammatory regulation. Genetic variants in FADS1 can affect the conversion rate of these fatty acids, potentially influencing hot flashes, joint discomfort, or cardiovascular risk. Evidence comes mainly from GWAS and mechanistic studies; direct clinical trials on menopausal symptoms are scarce. A DNA test for FADS1 can only suggest a personal need for long-chain omega-3s, but it does not replace medical advice or dietary adjustments. Effect sizes are small, and lifestyle factors (diet, exercise) play a larger role.