AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) is primarily a marker of ovarian reserve used in fertility assessment. Its role in blood sugar metabolism is indirect and not established as a clinical biomarker for glucose. Observational studies show that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often have elevated AMH alongside insulin resistance. Some longitudinal data suggest that lower AMH levels in perimenopausal women may be associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. In men, AMH is produced by Sertoli cells, but evidence linking it to glucose regulation is sparse and mechanistic. Importantly, AMH does not directly regulate blood glucose; elevated fasting glucose or HbA1c should be evaluated with standard tests (e.g., oral glucose tolerance test). The evidence for a causal role of AMH in blood sugar control is moderate, based mainly on epidemiological and mechanistic studies. For metabolic assessment, direct glucose and insulin resistance markers (HOMA-IR) are more clinically relevant. Consumer DNA or hormone tests claiming AMH as a blood sugar predictor should be interpreted cautiously.
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