Magnesium is involved in many physiological processes relevant to fertility, including hormone regulation, oocyte maturation, and sperm quality. Observational studies have linked low magnesium levels to reduced fertility, especially in conditions like PCOS and endometriosis. Some research also suggests benefits for sperm motility in men. However, the overall evidence is limited: few randomized controlled trials exist, and results are inconsistent. Therefore, routine magnesium testing or supplementation for fertility is not universally recommended by medical guidelines. If a deficiency is confirmed, supplementation may be beneficial, but a general recommendation for all couples trying to conceive cannot be made based on current data. The evidence is more mechanistic than clinically robust. High doses can cause gastrointestinal side effects and interfere with other minerals. In summary, magnesium may play a supportive role in fertility, but it is not a proven standalone treatment.
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