Progesterone can influence sleep, primarily through its calming and sleep-promoting effects mediated by GABA receptors. In the second half of the menstrual cycle or during hormone replacement therapy, elevated progesterone may improve sleep quality, but it can also cause drowsiness or fatigue. Individual responses vary widely depending on dosage, timing, and personal genetics. A genetic test for progesterone receptor variants (e.g., PGR) or related genes (like CYP17A1) may offer clues but is not diagnostic. Evidence is mostly mechanistic and observational; clinical studies show moderate effects. Caution: progesterone supplements should not be used without medical supervision due to potential side effects like dizziness or mood changes. For sleep issues, sleep hygiene and stress management are often more effective than hormonal interventions.
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