What to watch with ApoB and Wechseljahre?

During menopause, estrogen decline often leads to increased LDL cholesterol and ApoB levels. ApoB is a more direct measure of atherogenic particle number than LDL-C alone. Therefore, monitoring ApoB in blood during and after menopause is useful for better cardiovascular risk assessment. Elevated ApoB (>1.0 g/L) may indicate increased risk even if LDL-C appears normal. Evidence for ApoB as a risk marker is strong (human-strong), but the specific combination with menopause relies on observational studies and pathophysiological links (human-moderate). Actions: lifestyle (diet, exercise), possibly hormone replacement therapy after individual risk-benefit analysis. Caveat: Genetic testing for ApoB variants (e.g., in the APOB gene) is usually not necessary for routine risk assessment – blood measurement is key.