How are Insulin and Sport related?

Insulin is a key hormone regulating blood glucose. During exercise, muscle contractions increase glucose uptake independently of insulin, which can lower blood sugar. Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity, meaning cells respond better to insulin, reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, for individuals with diabetes, especially type 1, exercise can cause hypoglycemia if insulin doses are not adjusted. The relationship is bidirectional: sport enhances insulin action, and insulin management is crucial for safe exercise. Evidence from numerous studies supports these effects, but consumer genetic tests claiming to predict individual insulin response to exercise are not reliable. The context provided does not directly address this topic, so this answer is based on established physiology. Note: Direct-to-consumer DNA tests that claim to predict individual insulin responses to sport are not reliable and should not be used to adjust training or medication.