Risks and limits of Gluten Ernährung

The risks and limits of a gluten-containing diet depend on individual health. For people with celiac disease (about 1 % of the population), gluten is harmful: it triggers an autoimmune inflammation of the small intestine, leading to nutrient deficiencies, osteoporosis, and increased cancer risk. For non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), symptoms like bloating, fatigue, and headaches may occur, but diagnosis is difficult because no validated biomarker exists. Many people avoid gluten unnecessarily, which can lead to a restrictive diet and potential deficiencies (e.g., fiber, B vitamins). Direct-to-consumer tests like IgG blood tests for gluten are not scientifically validated and are discouraged by medical guidelines, as they only reflect exposure, not intolerance. The evidence for benefit of a gluten-free diet in healthy individuals is weak. Conclusion: If gluten-related issues are suspected, consult a physician rather than relying on self-tests.